Relationship between types of malocclusion in the horizontal plane and oral habits in children from 8 to 14 years old in Montemorelos
Keywords:
Horizontal plane malocclusion, overjet, bis to bis, anterior crossbite, oral habitsAbstract
The importance of oral habits in dentistry is that they can modify the position and relationship of the teeth, due to the alteration in the normal development and functioning of the TMJ muscles. The consequences can be observed in children's teething as an alteration of this. For this reason, it is very important to make a diagnosis of habits to eliminate them and correct future alterations that they may cause by carrying out correct treatment.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects produced by the presence of oral habits such as finger and lip sucking, pacifier sucking, tongue interposition and mouth breathing in types of malocclusion in the horizontal plane.
A cross-sectional study was carried out on a descriptive analysis of a database, obtaining a sample of 526 children between 8 and 14 years old from Montemorelos, Nuevo León. A survey was applied and the horizontal distance between the upper and lower central incisors was measured for each child, which can indicate the presence of the types of malocclusion in the horizontal plane. Data collection was obtained by means of a survey carried out among the children to record bad oral habits, and a clinical examination to record the measurement of types of malocclusion in the horizontal plane. The collected data were analyzed by means of statistical processing and analysis of the information through the statistical program SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Descriptive analysis, non-parametric chi-square test of independence was used to test the association between variables. This study found a relevant relationship with the presence of over jet with age and type of dentition, as well as type of dentition with bis to bis, in addition, significance was found in the habit of finger sucking with over jet, the other oral habits were not had a significant association.
In this study it was observed that there is a significant association between finger sucking and over jet, with this we conclude that of the oral habits studied in our population, finger sucking habit is an important factor for the development of over jet specifically. We must take importance in detecting oral habits when assessing pediatric patients and at the same time educate patients and parents to eliminate the risk factor for the development of over-jet malocclusion.
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